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Yang Shou
Yang Shou (; died April 11, 868〔(Academia Sinica Chinese-Western Calendar Converter ).〕〔''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 177.〕), courtesy name Cangzhi (藏之), formally Baron of Jinyang (晉陽男), was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Yizong. He was known for his literary talent as a young man, but subsequently, as chancellor, was accused of corruption. He was thereafter exiled and forced to commit suicide in exile.
== Background and early career ==
It is not known exactly when Yang Shou was born — but he was said to be 25 when he passed the imperial examinations late in Emperor Wenzong's ''Kaicheng'' era (836-840), and thus there is some reference to his birth date. His family was originally from Tong Prefecture (同州, in modern Weinan, Shaanxi), and claimed ancestry from the Sui Dynasty general Yang Su. His immediate male-line ancestors were said to be Confucian scholars, and his father Yang Yizhi (楊遺直) served as a personnel officer at Hao Prefecture (濠州, in modern Chuzhou, Anhui). At one point, Yang Yizhi became a teaching scholar at Su Prefecture (蘇州, in modern Suzhou, Jiangsu), and therefore settled there, making it Yang Shou's childhood home. Yang Shou was born of Yang Yizhi's second wife Lady Zhangsun, who, in addition to Yang Shou, bore at least one other son, Yang Shou's younger brother Yang Yan (楊嚴), while Yang Yizhi's first wife Lady Yuan bore two sons, Yang Fa (楊發) and Yang Jia (楊假), both older than Yang Shou. (All four brothers would eventually serve in the imperial government.)〔
Yang Yizhi died when Yang Shou was six, and the household was poor. As Lady Zhangsun was literate, she taught Yang Shou herself. By age 12, Yang Shou understood the Confucian classics well, and was good at writing poetry. He thus became known as the "Divine Child" among the people in his home region. As Lady Zhangsun was a devout Buddhist, Yang Shou followed her in not eating meat, although Lady Zhangsun made the remark, "You may have meat when you eventually become a ''Jinshi'' (someone who passed the imperial examinations) )." However, because his older brother Yang Jia did not pass the imperial examinations for a while, Yang Shou did not want to pass before Yang Jia did, and therefore delayed in submitting himself for imperial examinations. Only after Yang Jia did so did Yang Shou submit himself for imperial examinations at the capital Chang'an, late in the ''Kaicheng'' era, and he passed in the ''Jinshi'' class on the first try, at age 25.〔
At that time, Yang Fa was serving as an assistant to the prefect of Run Prefecture (潤州, in modern Zhenjiang, Jiangsu), and therefore moved the household to Jinling; therefore, after Yang Shou passed the imperial examinations, he decided to head home to Jinling. On the way, though, when he went through Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu), then-military governor (''Jiedushi'') of Huainan, the former chancellor Du Cong, invited Yang Shou to serve on his staff. Later, when Du was recalled to Chang'an to serve as chancellor and the director of finances, he invited Yang to serve as a traveling reviewer under him.〔〔As that particular stint of Du's as director of finances went from 844 to 845, Yang's service under him as director of finances must have been during that period. See ''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 147.〕 Subsequently, after Du was sent out of the capital to serve as the military governor of Dongchuan Circuit (東川, headquartered in modern Mianyang, Sichuan), he invited Yang to serve under him as chief secretary, and later, when Du was transferred to Xichuan Circuit (西川, headquartered in modern Chengdu, Sichuan), Yang continued to serve under him in the same capacity.〔
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